Everything on Education & Cognition →
Primary documents
- 34 C.F.R. §300.174: Prohibition on Mandatory Medication (2024)
Government Record · 2024
U.S. Department of Education; Office of the Federal Register
The binding implementing regulation repeats the prohibition for all controlled-substance schedules and preserves school consultation and classroom observations. No separate Education Department guidance document was located…
- A Comparison of DSM-IV and DSM-5 Panel Members’ Financial Associations with Industry: A Pernicious Problem Persists (2012)
Peer-Reviewed Study · 2012
Lisa Cosgrove and Sheldon Krimsky
The authors reported industry ties for 69% of the 29-member DSM-5 task force and examined 141 members across 13 panels. They compared the task-force figure with…
- A Look Behind the Screens: Examining the Data Practices of Social Media and Video Streaming Services
Government Record · 2024
Federal Trade Commission staff
The 6(b) report covers practices during 2019–2020 at nine companies and describes extensive data collection, advertising uses, algorithms, data analytics and AI, and insufficient privacy and…
- A Majority of Teens Have Experienced Some Form of Cyberbullying
Document · 2018
Monica Anderson, Pew Research Center
Pew’s 59% combines six experiences: offensive name-calling, false rumors, unsolicited explicit images, constant monitoring-type questions, physical threats, and nonconsensual sharing of explicit images. The survey covered…
- A Paucity of Publicity for Idiocracy
News Report · 2006
NPR
NPR, September 2006: Idiocracy was quietly released in 7 cities after a year on the shelf, with no trailer and no press kit. Fox would say…
- A re-examination of the mere exposure effect: The influence of repeated exposure on recognition, familiarity, and liking
Peer-Reviewed Study · 2017
R. Matthew Montoya et al.
2017 analysis of 268 results from 81 papers: repeated exposure raises liking up to a point, then it levels off and falls.
- A Theory of Cognitive Dissonance
Document · 1957
Leon Festinger
Festinger defines dissonance through nonfitting relations among cognitions and proposes pressure to reduce it and avoid increases. The publisher page identifies the Stanford reissue; the text…
- AACAP Statement on Psychiatric Medications and Children’s Mental Health (2025)
Document · 2025
American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
AACAP rejected broad claims that SSRIs cause violence and supported individualized, monitored prescribing. This is the medical society’s own position, not an independent systematic review.
- Abilify (aripiprazole) Prescribing Information (2016)
Government Record · 2016
FDA label via DailyMed
The label establishes pediatric indications for schizophrenia at ages 13–17, bipolar mania at ages 10–17, autism-associated irritability at ages 6–17, and Tourette’s disorder, with pediatric Tourette’s…
- ACLU v. Clapper, No. 14-42-cv
Court Filing · 2015
U.S. Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit
The Second Circuit held the bulk telephone-metadata program exceeded Section 215. It did not issue an injunction at that stage.
- Adderall XR (mixed salts of a single-entity amphetamine product) Prescribing Information (2026)
Government Record · 2026
Current FDA label via DailyMed
The current Adderall XR label carries the stimulant boxed warning. Its growth section says to monitor children and describes approximately 2 cm less height growth and…
- Adverse Drug Events: Substantial Problem but Magnitude Uncertain (2000)
Government Record · 2000
U.S. General Accounting Office; Janet Heinrich
GAO testified that Lazarou’s fatal estimate rested on too few observed deaths for a stable national projection and predominantly on much older studies. It concluded that…
- Adverse Report of the Committee on the Judiciary, House Report 117-486
Government Record · 2022
U.S. House Committee on the Judiciary
The report reproduces the September 29, 2021 National School Boards Association letter suggesting possible domestic-terrorism or hate-crime classification for malice, violence, and threats.
- An Update on Our Plans to Restrict Data Access on Facebook
Document · 2018
Mike Schroepfer, Chief Technology Officer, Facebook
Facebook estimated that information on up to 87 million people may have been improperly shared with Cambridge Analytica.
- Antidepressant Dispensing to US Adolescents and Young Adults: 2016–2022 (2024)
Peer-Reviewed Study · 2024
Kao-Ping Chua, Anna Volerman, Jing Zhang, Jenna Hua, Rena M. Conti
Using national all-payer IQVIA dispensing data for ages 12–25, this study found a 66.3% increase in monthly antidepressant dispensing from 2016 to 2022. In 2022, 2,043,476…
- Antidepressant Use Among Adults: United States, 2015–2018, NCHS Data Brief No. 377
Government Record · 2020
Debra J. Brody and Qiuping Gu
During 2015–2018, 13.2% of U.S. adults aged 18 and over reported antidepressant use in the past 30 days; the brief reports 17.7% for women and 8.4%…
- Assembly Bill 56, Chapter 671, Statutes of 2025: Social Media Warning Law
Government Record · 2025
California Legislature
California enacted black-box warnings for covered users not reasonably determined to be over 17, initially each day and after three hours/hourly thereafter. The official California Attorney…
- Association Between Medication Use and Performance on Higher Education Entrance Tests in Individuals With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (2017)
Peer-Reviewed Study · 2017
Yi Lu et al.
A Swedish within-person analysis of 930 intermittent medication users taking 2,524 entrance tests found scores 4.80 points higher during medicated periods after adjustment. This is JAMA…
- Association Between Time Spent Using Social Media and Internalizing and Externalizing Problems Among US Youth
Peer-Reviewed Study · 2019
Kira E. Riehm et al.
Among 6,595 adolescents, adjusted internalizing-problem relative-risk ratios were 1.60 for more than 3 to 6 hours and 1.78 for more than 6 hours versus no use;…
- Association of Habitual Checking Behaviors on Social Media With Longitudinal Functional Brain Development
Peer-Reviewed Study · 2023
Maria T. Maza et al.
The three-year cohort included 169 sixth- and seventh-grade students from three rural North Carolina schools. Checking was self-reported at wave 1; annual fMRI showed different neural…
- Associations Between Screen-Based Media Use and Brain White Matter Integrity in Preschool-Aged Children
Peer-Reviewed Study · 2020
John S. Hutton et al.
This cross-sectional study involved 47 healthy children aged 3–5. Higher ScreenQ scores were associated with lower measures of white-matter organization and corresponding cognitive measures; some cognitive…
- Attention Spans: Consumer Insights, Microsoft Canada
Document · 2015
Microsoft Canada
The marketing report displays 12 seconds for 2000, 8 seconds for 2013, and 9 seconds for a goldfish, visibly citing “Statistic brain.”
- Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) Prevalence and Health Care Access, 2024 (2026)
Government Record · 2026
Health Resources and Services Administration, Maternal and Child Health Bureau
The 2024 NSCH data brief estimates current ADHD at 11.7%, approximately 7.1 million children. Its analytic sample was 44,611 children aged 3–17 with current-ADHD responses, drawn…
- Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder, School Performance, and Effect of Medication (2019)
Peer-Reviewed Study · 2019
Andreas Jangmo et al.
Three months of ADHD medication was associated with lower odds of upper-secondary-school ineligibility, OR 0.80, and a 9.35-point higher grade-point sum. This real register study differs…