Everything on Constitutional & Founding →
Primary documents
- Total Child Welfare Agency Spending, Across All Sources, Has Increased Over the Decade
Peer-Reviewed Study · 2024
Child Trends
Child Trends' survey found child welfare agencies spent $34.3 billion in state fiscal 2022 from federal, state, local and other sources.
- Treasury Announces TARP Capital Purchase Program Description
Government Record · 2008
U.S. Department of the Treasury
CPP supplied preferred-stock investments with 5%/9% dividends, warrants, repayment, and executive-compensation conditions. These terms contradict “low-interest loans with no strings attached.”
- Troubled Asset Relief Program: Lifetime Cost (GAO-24-107033)
Government Record · 2023
U.S. Government Accountability Office
GAO reported $443.5 billion disbursed and a $31.1 billion lifetime TARP cost as of September 30, 2023. CPP produced a $16.3 billion net gain, while housing…
- Troxel v. Granville, 530 U.S. 57
Court Filing · 2000
Supreme Court of the United States
The Supreme Court held that parents have a fundamental right to make decisions about the care, custody and control of their children, and that courts must…
- Twitter: Permanent Suspension of @realDonaldTrump (2021)
Corporate Filing · 2021
Twitter Inc.
Twitter, January 8, 2021: permanently suspended @realDonaldTrump after judging two tweets broke its Glorification of Violence policy and risked further incitement. The company's own explanation, not…
- Twitter: Setting the Record Straight on Shadow Banning (2018)
Corporate Filing · 2018
Twitter Inc.
Twitter, July 2018: denied shadow banning, defined narrowly as hiding content from everyone but the poster without their knowledge. It admitted ranking tweets and search results…
- Unified Code of Corrections, 730 ILCS 5/5-4.5-45
Government Record · 2026
Illinois General Assembly
The ordinary Class 4 determinate imprisonment range is one to three years, subject to other statutory provisions and sentencing circumstances.
- United States v. Bundy, No. 18-10287
Court Filing · 2020
U.S. Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit
The Nevada Bundy case ended through Brady-based dismissal for prosecutorial misconduct, not jury nullification. Some Nevada co-defendants were convicted, and Malheur outcomes likewise included pleas and…
- United States v. Chatrie, No. 22-4489 (en banc)
Court Filing · 2025
U.S. Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit
United States v. Chatrie (Fourth Circuit, 2025): the full appeals court split 7 to 7 on whether a Google geofence warrant was a search, and upheld…
- United States v. Ciavarella, No. 11-3277 (3d Cir. 2013)
Court Filing · 2013
U.S. Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit
The Third Circuit's 2013 opinion in the Kids for Cash case. Judges Mark Ciavarella and Michael Conahan received more than $2.8 million from Robert Mericle and…
- United States v. Ciavarella, No. 18-1498 (3d Cir. 2019)
Court Filing · 2019
U.S. Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit
The Third Circuit's 2019 decision affirming a lower court that threw out Ciavarella's racketeering and money laundering conspiracy convictions but left his mail fraud convictions in…
- United States v. Michael J. Madigan, No. 25-2249
Court Filing · 2026
U.S. Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit
The Seventh Circuit affirmed Madigan’s convictions. A certiorari petition was filed July 27, 2026 in Supreme Court No. 26-137; no clemency or commutation was located.
- United States v. Miller’s Organic Farm, No. 5:19-cv-01435 (E.D. Pa.), Docket
Court Filing · 2023
U.S. District Court, Eastern District of Pennsylvania
The docket identifies the 2019 injunction (entry 44), April 2020 consent decree (67), June 16, 2021 contempt finding, July 22 sanctions order (105), and August 4,…
- United States v. Missouri (8th Cir. 2024)
Court Filing · 2024
U.S. Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit (Colloton, J.)
Federal appeals court, August 2024: struck down Missouri's Second Amendment Preservation Act. A state may refuse to help enforce federal law, but it cannot declare federal…
- United States v. Moalin, 973 F.3d 977 (9th Cir. 2020)
Court Filing · 2020
U.S. Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit
The federal appeals court ruling that the NSA's bulk collection of Americans' telephone metadata violated the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act and may have violated the Fourth…
- United States v. Moalin: Ninth Circuit Opinion (2020)
Court Filing · 2020
U.S. Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit
U.S. Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit, September 2020: held that the NSA's phone metadata collection went beyond what Congress authorized and violated FISA. Whether…
- United States v. Pramaggiore and McClain, Nos. 25-2349 and 25-2350
Court Filing · 2026
U.S. Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit
In June 2026 the Seventh Circuit vacated the conspiracy and books-and-records convictions of former ComEd CEO Anne Pramaggiore and lobbyist Michael McClain after the Snyder ruling,…
- United States v. Robertson, 875 F.3d 1281 (9th Cir. 2017)
Court Filing · 2017
U.S. Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit
The court affirmed convictions after a second trial and identified National Forest and privately owned mining-claim land, wetlands, and a tributary to Cataract Creek. This contradicts…
- United States v. Robertson, 980 F.3d 1326 (9th Cir. 2020)
Court Filing · 2020
U.S. Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit
After Robertson died with certiorari pending, the Supreme Court vacated and remanded and the indictment was dismissed through abatement. The CJA reimbursement survived; this was not…
- United States v. Snyder, No. 21-2986
Court Filing · 2023
U.S. Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit
The Seventh Circuit affirmed in 2023, but the Supreme Court reversed the bribery holding in 2024. This opinion is historical, not the final procedural outcome.
- United States v. Trump and Nauta, Superseding Indictment
Court Filing · 2023
Office of Special Counsel Jack Smith
The original indictment was filed June 8, 2023 and unsealed June 9; the superseding indictment followed in July. Indictment allegations are not proof of guilt.
- United States v. Trump et al., Order Granting Motion to Dismiss Superseding Indictment
Court Filing · 2024
Judge Aileen M. Cannon, U.S. District Court, Southern District of Florida
The dismissal rested on the special counsel’s appointment, not a merits exoneration. The government dismissed its Trump appeal in November 2024 and the remaining appeal in…
- VA Releases Annual Veteran Suicide Prevention Report Updated With 2024 Data
Government Record · 2026
U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs
The latest official report gives 17.7 Veteran suicides per day for 2024. The older “22 a day” estimate concerned 2012 data and different methods; it should…
- Vacaville Barber Offering Free Haircuts Has License Suspended (Primo’s Barbershop)
News Report · 2020
CBS Sacramento
Report identifies Juan Desmarais of Primo’s Barbershop and says the Board temporarily suspended his license on October 29, 2020. DCA said compensated barbering requires a valid…
