USGS Minerals Yearbook 2020 to 2021: China

Government Record · U.S. Geological Survey · 2025

U.S. Geological Survey: China produces about 90 percent of the world's refined rare earths and 99.9 percent of heavy rare earths.

China accounted for approximately 90% of global refined rare-earth output and 99.9% of global heavy rare-earth output.

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U.S. Geological Survey: China produces about 90 percent of the world's refined rare earths and 99.9 percent of heavy rare earths.

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