HHS evidence review commissioned under Executive Order 14187 (28 Jan 2025). Initial release 1 May 2025; minor corrections 15 May 2025; final version 19 November 2025 with Errata and Supplement containing named-author peer reviews and replies. Concludes evidence for benefit is very-low quality and documents harms; critiques WPATH/Endocrine Society/AAP guideline processes.
The umbrella review found that the overall quality of evidence concerning the effects of any intervention on psychological outcomes, quality of life, regret, or long-term health, is very low.
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HHS evidence review commissioned under Executive Order 14187 (28 Jan 2025). Initial release 1 May 2025; minor corrections 15 May 2025; final version 19 November 2025 with Errata and Supplement containing named-author peer reviews and replies. Concludes evidence for benefit is very-low quality and documents harms; critiques WPATH/Endocrine Society/AAP guideline processes. Government review of treatments; authors named in Nov 2025 press release (MMA-21); challenged by AAP (MMA-24) and WPATH (MMA-19).